Draft and buffing rigging for railway-cars.



PATENTED MAY 1:9, 1908.

R. n. GALLAGHER, JR. DRAFT AND BUE-FING RIGGINGFOR RAILWAY GARS.

APPLIATION FILED NOV. 22. 1902. A

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

l JM LAV/O/e BYWAM RARRNTRD MAY 19, 1908.

, RI D. RALLAGRRR, JR. DRAFT AND RURRING RIGGINR ROR RAILWAY GARS.

APPLICATION FILED NOLV. 22, 1902.

` 4 SHEETS-SHEET s.

Y Qa 4/ l ZV1/EN T OR Alfa-maj .PATBNTED MAY 19, A908.- R. n. GALLAGHBB, JR. .DRAFT AND BUPFING 8188188 F08 RAILWAY CARS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 22, v1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

A 'INVENTO/e K f WIM/.155555:

if @j specification, and to the UNrTnn sfrnrns regresa? cerros.;

RICHARD D. GALLAGHER, JR., Ol" NEW 2. K, Y., ABSIfvfNtfdt TO STANDARD COMPANY, OF NEW YORK., N. Y., A UORPORATN 0F NEW (JERSEY.

Specification vf-'Lettera atcn t.

Patented Mey 19', i908.v

Applicants mefnoymbe se, 190e'. eeen n. recess.

ritenne, Jr., of New Yorlr,'i11-'th.e county of New York, State of New York,.heve invented certain new and useful Improvements in Draft and Bolling-Rig ing for Railway- Cars; and I do hereby dccglare the follcwin to be a full, clear, end exa-ct description o the saine, reference' being had to. the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this gures and letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates ,to 'improvements indraft and buffin rigging for railway cars, .1 5

although, as will ierein after ap ear, features ofthe (invention are-ap lice lein any mechanism employed for t e purpose of yieldingly resisting the relative movement of arts. v

- Vhe object of the invention is to provide a strcture having' elasticity so modified by friction that the elastic resistance to comn pressive strains is v astlyvaugrnent'ed and 'the recoil reduced to c, minimum, Wliicl'rstructure shall be self contained end the friction created by the direct action of thc elastic member or'mernlicrs, where-by the employment of 'Seperate elastic and friction memA l hereje-avoided. 3Q.

lWith the above objects in rie'w, the invern tion consists in anelestic'rnernber for the purposes indicated., 'embodying independent elements elastic in a plane transverse of the line of pressnrcend having friction faces arranged at anlangle both' to the piane of elasticity and-to'the line otpressure, whereby upo11'tlie"e.pplieat.ion of`pressure, l .ne elements Will-through the-action ofthe 'inclined rection and resistin friction faces be put under stressltransversely of thefline of pressure, the'friction upon the inclined faces augmenting the resistance of the elasticelements tovmovement inone dithe movement of the elastic elements in t e opposite direction-to "reduce the recoil.

The invention further' consists in 'certain novel details of construction and combinations and ,arrangements of 'Figure .l is a 4member in hal arts all as Will be now described and pointe out particularly inthe appended claims.:

Referring to the eccom'panyingdrawin M- plen View Withthc yiel 'ng section. Fig. 2' is a transverse section of the structureshown in Fig."1.'. Fig. 3 is an elevationpartly in section, of a' yielding member with .the sets of yielding elements both of T-slie'pe in cross section. Figs. end 5 crc sectional elevations showing modifications in t ie torni sind manner of essen'itiling the elements. Fi 6 is' a transverse section of the structure s own in Fi 5. Figs. 7;. 8 end 9 are views showing furllher modifications in. the form and '1n tnner of assembling member.

gures-indicate the same ports.

In the application of the inventioi-l to draft 'and Bolling rigging for railway cars, ordinary appliances areernployed for transmitting the draft and boiling strains-thereto, such for instance as. the drew ber and tail strap A.. and B of the eceornpanyingdrcwings and for'wlxich A any otherpreferrcd devices may be substitilted.

The iressure resisting member itself may be 'hel net-Ween sto-ps' of usual character loeine 'the clenieiiits of the yielding l 65' Like letters of reference in the. severel cated on the dreft timbers as illustratedconventionelly' at Q in the said drawings, the sald iressure resistin incrn'oer bein thus substitnted 1n the position ofthe usua draft and huflingsprings vThis pressure resistingmember-embodies in its construction an element or elements elastic in a lanel transverse tothe line of? draft or liu Vng pressure,`

the' preferred form of clement being a split ring or series of split rings, llevinginclines through which the draft' or batting pressure acts to pnt the ring under elastic stress expanding or .contracting the-same as lWil hereinafter appear.

Referring-to Figs. l and Eef-'the drawih,

sp t

.the resilient friction elements are 'the .rings D and E which alternate with each vother and have inclined contacting feces d; e;

lmi"

which when draft or. buflng prcssurefis. ai'pplied, slidel upon each other creating frictim :v and putting the rings under elastic stress'.

V.'Iherings D are expanded, While the rings 4are contracted, but obviously ether,but not both mcy' be solid or vnot split, as will be hereinafter explained, in which case the en' tire movement of expansion or contraction would take place inthe split ring set., A'

considerable number of rings are preferably movement without straining the meta be yond its elastic limitend to still further, n-

cre'ase the power and range of movemen the split rings may be associated Wlth or-' 56 shank or outer portions ofthe rings -D and in alinement with the split between heads'or' followers H a central bolt I sembledfposition. The ends of the bolt may dinary springs in Various combinations, the

vlight springv resistance. Iii Fi i. 1 ol the drawings a central spring .F supp ernents the 4resistance of the split rings and 'also supple ments the resistance of a spring G arranged rings and usually .ofsuchstrength as. to'compress to a'grcater or less degree in advance of the movement of the rings upon each other."

. The 'rings and springs constituting resilient elements of the inem er are preferably held `servingto retain the parts in proper as seat in recesses formed in' central bosses or lprojections H of the heads or followers, said osses also serving as a means for properly'Y positioning and centering .the springs and rings.I L Y Where rings and springs are arranged in alinemcnt, it is preferred to employ a parti.- tion or spacer between theni, which may take the form of a simple plate or disk, but is pret erably formed to support a casing which will inclose the Working parts, thus in said Fig. 1

K', 2,'the port K being integral with the spacer, While the port K2 is in the forni of a pair of split cylinders Which closely surround the rings D and are expanded by the expan .the s' acer is indicated at K and the casing at I sion of said rings. This portion 'of the casing acts asa resilient eleinet and supplements the resistance of the rings-the friction be tween the contacting faces of the split cylinsection.

' the'structure is designed to resist.

yso

Vder casing and between the casing and rings being' an important factor in resisting movement in one direction and. reducing recoil when the pressure is relieved.

The cross sectional shape of the rings may be greatly modified to securestrcngth or elasticity and to present the inost ehicient resistence to -strains of expansion or contraction, thus the rings which are expanded as D, Fig. 1, may. be of general ll-slia e in cross section, While tho rings E Whic are compressed may be of more orless circular the friction'faces d are preferably on the the friction faceiare inclined considerably to the line 0f draft or bulfing pressure, this incline or angle, however, depends upon the character of the material and the pressi'ires It may bel varied as found necessary or desirable, care, however, being taken that it does not go beyond 'the' angle of repose,`as in such event pressure would not inove. the partsto `put the rings under stress in the sense in which that terni is used herein. i

I n thepreferre'd constructiontlie head H which coperates with -the rings together .with the spacer are formed with annular pro- 4,through the inclined friction surface the contacting faces of the rings.

When this formation is employed,v

j actions la 7c respectivelfy having inclined faces corresponding to the aces d e whereby' any tendency to cant or distort the rings 1s' avoided. g

`In Figs. 3 and 4 the 'rings D and E are shown as both r'of general T-shapein cross cooperate directly With the `rings and are, formed with annular -inclires forv coopera` .im` man@ tionwith vthe annular "inclfin .faces of the rings.

The structre illustrated inFigss5jl and 6 corresponds closelyv to that4 shown 'in Figs. 1' and 2 save that the entire casing K5 is integral with the spacer K and one set of rings onlyis split9 The rings .E5 are thc split 'rings of Tshape in cross' section and adapted to be putiinder stress by compression or reductionin their diameters, While the rings D5 are solid and do not' yield, the elasticity' thus being confined to the rings 'Ei'.

, :Both sets of. rings in Fig. Rare split rings and they are of corresponding shape in cross section, tlieset D1 being adapted to be expandedand the E? to be compressed by draft or buiflng strains acting thereon forming Split cylinder friction casings K7 and K5 y are;arranged outside and inside of thesplit rings in position. to be expanded and corn? pressed by the expansion and coiipression of the rings. The .heads br followers H have annular projections hl entering beta- .n the split cylindrical casings and having inclined faces for contracting with the inclines of therings.

l seine instances it .maybe desirable to forni the rings in pairs, 'thcrings of each p'air' operating upon cach other to produce lateral expansion or contraction of the rings, andato provide friction faces bemveen the pair which will cooperative to crea-tc friction when such expansion or contraction taires place, but

Without any tendency to canse such 4Inoveincl/its.

` VIn iligs and i) the cross sectional shape of the rings is so modified to effect this end advantageous disposition of the rnateliial in the rings. The airs of rings areindicated lby the letter D8 L in Fig. 8, said rings having ,pressure forcing said faces into Contact.

Fig. l shows a construction wherein the ico y as Well as to secure increased strength by an stress on the rings and preventing stienn@ seance same `onditions exist, only in this instance the rings are strengthened and protected by annular flanges d cl. The flanges d and e as Well as the flanges of those rings which are of 'FIV-shape servekas stops for limiting the expansion and contraction of the rings and by proper proportioning the parts may ,be driven down solid Without extending the elastic limit of the metal. Y

The cylindrical casing which incloses the rings and springs is preferably relied upon to form the stop for limiting the compressive iovement, and this is true whether the said casing be a solid or split cylindrical casing, for by leaving only the desired play between the ends of said easing' and the follorvers or heads the latter will seat solidly under excessive pressure.

bviously, the range of movement and elasticity may be varied by increasing or reducing the number or varying the size or cross sectional shape of the rings, as Well as by varying the angle of the annular inclined faces, or the resistance may be made differential by varying the angle of the faces, for instance, during the initial movement the faces-may be sharply inclined and as the movement progresses the portions of the faces coming into contact are less and less inclined. This is Well illustrated M in Fig. 3.

The central spring F in addition to auginenting the resistance of the friction rings, insures the return of the heads yand followers to normal position, thereby relieving all l?) even though the angle of the inclines should closely approach the angle of repose.

From the foregoingit will be seen that the rings are put under stress by movement imparted through the contracting inclined frietional faces. Frictional resistance to the movement of the faces upon each other is very great and is occasioned not alone by the relative radial` movement, but 'owing to the fact that the splits 1n the rings are ,out of alinement or oppositely disposed there is also a rotative movement of the faces with respect to each other throughout practically the entire! circumference. lNitli such construction,` the resilient elements themselves become the friction elements thus avoiding the use of separate resilient and friction elements but securing the advantages of both. The area of the surface making frictional contact is very large in proportion to .the range of movement of any one ring, but the combined movement is very considerable, thus the heat causedby the friction is Well distributed and the danger of sticking and Wearing is reduced to a minimum.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l-. ln an apparatus for'the `:urpose specied, the combination with the series of independent elements resilient transversely of the line of pressure to be resisted and having inclined cooperating friction faces, of a resilient casing with which said elements cooperate when put under elastic stress; subcylindrical casing with which said elements cooperate when put under elastic stress through the cooperation of the friction faces; substantially as described.

3. ln an apparatus for the purpose specified, the combination with the series of independent elenients resilient transversely lof the line of pressure to be resisted and having inclined cooperating friction faces, of a duplicity of split cylindrical casings, one within the other and infrictional engagement with each other'and with the resilient elements, whereby pressure acting through the inclined friction faces puts the elements and casings under elastic stress; substantially as described.

il. ln an apparatus for the purpose specified, a resilient element of substantially T- shape in cross section With an inclined friction face on the shanl; portion; substantially as described. o

ln an apparatus for the purpose specified, an annular resilient element of substantially T-shape in cross section with an inclined friction face on the shank portion; substantially as described.

G. In an apparatus for the purpose specified, an annular resilient element of substantially T-shape in cross section with inclined annular friction faces on opposite sides ofthe shank portion; substantially as described.

7. ln an apparatus for the purpose specified, the 'combination with the resilient elements having inclined friction faces through which saidv elements are put under stress7 of a spring through Which pressure is transmitted to said elements; substantially as described.

8. ln an apparatus for the purpose specified, the combination with the annular resilient ekments having friction faces in# clincd both to the line of pressure and to the plane of resiliencyand through which the velements are put under stress, of a spring arranged in line With said elements and through which pressure is made eective om lsaid e ements; substantially as described.

9. In an apparatus for the purpose specified, the combination with the series of split rings ,having oppositely inclined annular friction faces and the series of intermediate rings having frietiorifaces cooperating with saidoiirst mentioned faces, of a pair of heads,

between which said rings are coninedand means for holding said rings in position; lsubstantially as described.

410. In an apparatus for the purpose specied the combination with the s erlcs of split rings ving ,op ositely inclined annular Vfrio-tion faces and the series of intermediate rin s having friction faces cooperating with' sai rst mentioned faces, of a pair ofheads between which said rings are confined and a bolt for holding said heads against outward movement; substantially as described.

- 11. In'an apparatusl for the purpose specified, the combination with the series of split rings having inclined annular friction faces and the series of intermediate ringshaving i yfriction faces coperating with said first mentioned faces, of a pair of heads between 'which tiallyas described'.

RICHARD D. Gi-LLLAGI'IEIL JR.

Witnesses .ALEXANDER VH. Coonn, J S. TURNER.

s between which' .the rings and spring are confined; substan- 

